The 'benchmark test' files deal with problems that have known analytical solutions, to demonstrate the speed, accuracy and capabilities of CPO2D and CPO3D. The 'comments' at the ends of the test and example files contain detailed information (including key formulas) on a wide variety of problems in charged particle optics. Look further below for short descriptions of each file.

As far as we are aware, most other commercial packages offer no such tests, and certainly none offers anywhere near as many as CPO. The existence of these tests has helped to establish the reputation of the CPO programs as the 'gold standard' of electrostatic charged particle optics.

The titles of the 'benchmark test' files are

test2d01  Idealised hemispherical deflection analyzer (HDA)
test2d02  Idealised cylindrical deflection analyzer
test2d03  Parabolic motion in uniform field (cylindrical symmetry)
test2d04  Parabolic motion in uniform field (planar symmetry)
test2d05  Relativistic motion in a uniform electric field
test2d06  Capacitance of a sphere
test2d07  Capacitance of coaxial cylinders
test2d08  Time-dependent potentials
test2d09  Coefficients of hemispherical deflection analyser (HDA)
test2d10  Space-charge limited current of a spherical diode (concave cathode)
test2d11  Space-charge limited current of a spherical diode (small convex cathode)
test2d12  Planar Pierce gun
test2d13  Spherical cold field emission diode
test2d14  Cylindrical diode, small inner cathode
test2d15  Field at a circular hole in an infinite sheet
test2d16  Ideal cylindrical mirror analyzer (CMA)
test2d17  Ideal parallel plate analyzer
test2d18 Field penetration through a flat mesh of flat strips.
test2d19  Field at the tip of a cone
test2d20  Cylindrical Pierce gun
test2d21  Field at centre of a double cylinder lens
test2d22  Non-meridional rays, cylindrical symmetry electrodes.
test2d23  Non-xz-plane rays, planar symmetry electrodes.
test2d24  Motion in a User-supplied oscillating electric field.
test2d25  The ‘743’ test.
test2d26 Axial potentials of 2-tube lens.
test2d27 Parabolic mirror, electrodes defined by users equations.

test3d01  Idealised hemispherical deflection analyzer (HDA)
test3d02  Idealised cylindrical deflection analyzer
test3d03  Parabolic motion in uniform field
test3d04  Relativistic cyclotron motion
test3d05  Relativistic motion in a uniform electric field
test3d06  Capacitance of a cube
test3d07  Capacitance of a sphere
test3d08  Time-dependent oscillating potentials
test3d09  Coefficients of hemispherical deflection analyser (HDA)
test3d10  Space-charge limited current of a spherical diode (concave cathode)
test3d11  Space-charge limited current of a spherical diode (convex cathode)
test3d12  Spherical cold field emission diode
test3d13  Field at a circular hole in an infinite sheet
test3d14  Ideal cylindrical mirror analyzer (CMA)
test3d15  Capacitance of a circular disc.
test3d16  Motion in a User-supplied oscillating electric field.
test3d17  Capacitance and singularities of a tetrahedron.
test3d18  Capacitance of a unit square.
test3d19  Capacitance of a unit triangle, and summary of capacitance tests.
test3d20  Ideal quadrupole ion trap.
test3d21  Potentials of point charges.
test3d22  Spherical capacitor with dielectric in gap.
test3d23  Parallel plate capacitor with dielectric in gap.
test3d24  Field in a cavity inside a dielectric.
test3d25  Field inside a dielectric sphere.
test3d26  Field inside a dielectric cylinder.
test3d27  Capacitance of coaxial cylinders with dielectric.
test3d28  Neumann boundary conditions in a spherical system.
test3d29  Mirror image force on a charged toner particle;toner particle.
test3d30  Including mirror image force in ray tracing.
test3d31  Space-charge repulsion of 2 particles in a beam using the pulsed beam option.
test3d33  Parabolis mirror, defined by users equations.
test3d34  Ideal quadrupole ion trap, defined by users equations, replaces test3d20.